Black hornbill

Scientific name:

Anthracoceros malayanus

Threat level:

Near threatened

Authority:

Raffles, 1822

Common names:

• Black hornbill (English)

Version:

3.1

Year assessed:

2008

Assessor(s):

BirdLife International

Evaluator(s):

Butchart, S. & Gilroy, J. (BirdLife International Red List Authority)

Justification:

This species is largely dependent on lowland evergreen forest within a region experiencing high rates of deforestation. Although it may be more tolerant of secondary habitats than some other hornbill species, it is likely to be declining moderately rapidly, and is therefore considered Near Threatened.

Geographic ranges:

• Brunei Darussalam (Native)
• Indonesia (Native)
• Malaysia (Native)
• Thailand (Native)
• Singapore (Regionally extinct)

Population trend:

Decreasing

Habitat and ecology:

This species occurs in lowland primary evergreen forest, usually below 200 m. It is also found in selectively logged, gallery and swamp forest and tall secondary forest.

Ecosystems

• Terrestrial

List of habitats:

• Forest
• Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland

Major threats:

Forest destruction in the Sundaic lowlands of Indonesia has been extensive as a result of commercial and illegal logging, conversion to agriculture (particularly plantations) and increasing human population pressure. This species's dependence on plains-level habitats places it at high risk, especially

List of threats:

• Agriculture & aquaculture
• Annual & perennial non-timber crops
• Small-holder farming
• Agro-industry farming
• Wood & pulp plantations
• Agro-industry plantations
• Biological resource use
• Logging & wood harvesting
• Unintentional effects: (large scale)
• Natural system modifications
• Fire & fire suppression
• Increase in fire frequency/intensity

Conservation actions:

Conservation actions underway:

CITES Appendix II.

Conservation actions proposed:

Monitor populations across the range to determine the magnitude of declines and rates of range contraction. Ensure the protection of remaining tracts of lowland evergreen forest throughout the Sundaic region.

List of conservation actions:

• Land/water protection
• Site/area protection

• BirdLife International 2007. Threatened Birds of the World 2008. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 04/05/2008.